by edededed on Sun Mar 01, 2015 11:53 pm
I think that people could SEE differences in the colors, but just thought of them within different mental boundaries, a new one of which would only evolve after a said "color" appeared enough times to necessitate its differentiation. If you do not think of a different color with a different word, you may mentally think of them as the "same color."
So, a culture with but the original two "colors" of white and black would see a nice blue dress, and think "nice shade of black." Perhaps the sky would be a "shade of white" (like the Japanese flag, which shows a red sun and a white sky).
The evolution of colors in language is an interesting topic - cultures are said in anthropology to start with two (white and black), adding red, and then green-blue, and then more thereafter (yellow?). The Japanese language seems to show this quite clearly, as these "base colors" have a more "pure Japanese" grammatical structure than later colors: kuroi (black), shiroi (white), akai (red), aoi (blue/green). The last color is now usually taken to mean blue (as in the English blue color, RGB 0x0000ff), but is still often used to mean green as well - such as in referring to "blue traffic lights" - an old habit. I also hear people refer to orange sweaters as "red" - so there is more vagueness to colors in Japanese language compared to English, which always seems to be quite specific (at least in regards to "general colors" of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple, black, white, gray, pink, brown, and so forth). Pink is a strange color, too - the only "pastel color" that seems so different from its origin color of red so as to seem to require its own distinct name (and never be called "light red").
The Chinese 5 elements (wuxing) also of course seem to show an older rubric of 5 colors, i.e. green (qing), red (chi), yellow (huang), white (bai), and black (hei) (i.e. the stage of 5 colors). Some shades of blue may be included in "green," but since "black" is the color of water - dark blue is probably included in "black."